Life Extension Methodology of Artificial Pacemakers Using Mathematical Modeling

Abstract

             The paper “Life Extension Methodology Of Artificial Pacemakers Using Mathematical Modeling” explains the problem of longevity in pacemaker batteries and helps in extending the life of the cardiac patients. Rechargeable batteries consisting of nickel-cadmium were used in the beginning of 1958 to implant pacemaker in human beings. The major problems were very short life time and was to place the responsibility for recharging in the hands of patients, which is not a good medical practice. Batteries that are used in implantable cardiac pacemakers present the challenges to developers and manufacturers in terms of high levels of safety and reliability. Lithium batteries which acts as a power source for various medical implants, are implanted into cardiac patients meets the requirements of long life, low drain current and voltage characteristics. The shelf life of primary lithium cells is equivalent to a 10% loss of capacity over the five years. To avoid replacements, the longevity of  batteries must be higher. A mathematical model elaborating several variations of stimulus current and time are imposed to study the effect of the current pulses on the charge consumption.