Review Of Nano Fluids And Its Effect On Heat Transfer Through Radiator

Abstract

Vehicle engine thermal management is important to make the vehicle system more efficient and sustainable. To improve the efficiency, air cooling was shifted to water because of its availability and ability to absorb and carry heat efficiently. However, water has its limit of operating temperature range and inability to provide corrosion resistance. So heat transfer of coolant flow through the automobile radiators is of great importance for the optimization of fuel consumption. A nanofluid is a fluid containing nanometre-sized particles, called nanoparticles. These fluids are engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid. The nanoparticles used in nanofluids are typically made of metals oxides, carbides, or carbon nanotubes. Common base fluids include water, ethylene glycol and oil. Nano fluids have improved thermal properties and possible heat transfer rate. Nano fluids plays major role in various applications which increases heat transfer rate and fulfill requirement of thermal properties like viscosity, specific heat, density, thermal conductivity, surface tension, stability in the operative environment  because  it contains metallic or non-metallic. Nano powders with a size of less than 100nm in base fluids so, it increases the heat transfer potential of the base fluids.  Water is the working fluid in the heat exchanger and metal based (Cu or Al) nano fluid of particular concentration will act as a heat carrier.