Design, Aerodynamic Analysis, and Performance Enhancement of Straight-Bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (SB-VAWTs)

Abstract

The growing demand for renewable energy has accelerated research in wind energy systems, particularly small-scale and decentralized technologies. Straight-Bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (SB-VAWTs) have emerged as a promising alternative due to their simple design, omni-directional wind acceptance, and suitability for urban and off-grid applications. This paper presents a comprehensive study of SB-VAWTs, including their historical development, aerodynamic characteristics, performance evaluation methods, and enhancement techniques. The study reviews theoretical models such as Blade Element Momentum (BEM), vortex models, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD), along with experimental approaches like wind tunnel and field testing. Additionally, recent advancements in rotor design, hybrid configurations, and wind augmentation devices are discussed. The findings highlight the potential of SB-VAWTs for future renewable energy systems, especially in hybrid and distributed power generation.