High Gain Compact Multi-Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5g Network

Abstract

The present study aims at the development of a novel high gain compact multi-band microstrip patch antenna for the unlicensed millimeter-wave (30 GHz to 300 GHz) band applications for 5G.  A rectangular microstrip patch antenna for 5G applications at 28 GHz has been successfully designed by modifying the existing rectangular patched antenna in terms of the length L1 and Width W2 which in turn resulted in modifying the entire dimension for optimization, by changing the substrate material and removing the existing slot, to cover the multi band 5G applications and to improve the bandwidth. The design has been simulated using HFSS and analysed in terms of, various dielectric constants using FR4 substrate, various ground plane length and width, various substrate height, and finally various substrates such as FR4, RT5880, RT3003 and RT6010 and concluded that RT6010 outperformed and the design has been optimized with 15.5x16.4 mm² of with and length of the patch. The patch size has been reduced by 21.86%, resulting in a compact patch size. The design achieved a high gain of 12.013 dB at 28 GHz, which is greater than the targeted 8 dB and satisfying the minimum requirement of 5G mobile communication and the bandwidth is improved by 1.6 %, 4.1%, 13.5%, 4.5%, 7.8%, 0.8% with 0.44 GHz, 1.2 GHz, 4.52 GHz, 1.62 GHz, 2.97 GHz, 0.3 GHz bandwidth at a centre frequency of 28.075 GHz, 29.57 GHz, 33.47 GHz, 35.72 GHz, 38.2 GHz and 39.85 GHz respectively, resulting in Multi-band. Further, the return loss, VSWR, directivity, and radiation efficiency achieved are -17.8338dB, 1.2994, 3.9568 dB and 92.655%. Future work would focus to increase the bandwidth and gain for 5G applications. Thus, a high gain multi band compact size microstrip patch antenna has been achieved for 5G mobile communication.