Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Powder from Fish Bones and Scales using Calcination Method

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite or hydroxyphosphate (HAP), a material that is commonly used in biomedical, cooking and healthy products attracts so much interest as the research on HAP production is imminent. In this study, HAP was obtained from tilapia fish bones and scales using calcination method. The calcined fish bones and scales were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The crystallization of XRD has proved that the HAP is successfully obtained from the calcination method. The FTIR-ATR results confirmed that the hydroxyl group, phosphate group and water molecules indicate the presence of HAP. SEM results showed that the powder microstructure for calcination time of 7 hours is denser than 2 and 5 hours calcination. This research could beneficial to reduce fish waste and reduce the HAP production time as well.