Replacement of Waste Plastic in Bitumen and Waste Concretein Natural Aggregates Coated with Waste Plastic in Bituminous Road Construction – A Review

Abstract

In 2019 the road network in India has touced ov1er 5.9 million kilometers mark. India holds the record for second largest road network in the world with a road density of 1.7 Km per square kilometer of land. Around 4.63 km of roads is available for every thousand people.With the increase in population and expansion of urban habitats an increase in the percentage of waste generation has been found. Due to its non-biodegradable nature, the issue of a plastic waste disposal has become a serious concern.Pollution problems can be minimized at a large scale given thatthis plastic waste can be consumed in road construction.Now a day’s, due to rise in crude oil, bitumen is very expensive and also cost of aggregates is high. So, by using waste plastic as partial replacement in bitumen &replacing demolished concrete in coarse aggregates,coated with plastic would give better results and also cost of construction reduces as waste is being utilized.Use of plastic in road construction has earned its significance these days as plastic roads have been found to perform relatively better. The use of waste plastic in bituminous road construction enhances its properties and also its strength. Moreover it will also be a solution to plastic waste disposal & various defects in pavement i.e., pot holes, corrugation, ruts etc. This will not only strengthen the pavement but also increases its durability. This innovative technology will be beneficialfor Indian climate.It’s economical andeco-friendly too.In this project we will replace bitumen by 0%, 2.5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% & 15% by waste plastic and then various tests like Penetration test, Ductility test, Softening pointtest, Flash and Fire Point test will be performed and then comparison of test results with the plane bitumen will be observed & from the test results, optimum replacement of plastic in bitumen will be determined.Also, we will coat coarse aggregates with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%,& 20% of waste plastic by weight of aggregates and then optimum plastic coating will be determined. After that coarse aggregates will be replacedby 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% & 50% of waste concrete and then coating them with optimum waste plastic coating over the aggregates. In this study we will perform Los Angles abrasion test, Impact test and crushing test in order to determine the optimum coating of plastic over the aggregates.And also, same above mentioned tests will be performed to determine the optimum replacement of waste concrete with natural aggregates.While performing the tests for replacement of waste concrete with natural aggregates, all the aggregates i.e. natural and waste concrete will be coated with optimum plastic content.