Power-aware Clustering and Routing with Compressive Sensing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

One of the most challenging tasks in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is minimizing the Energy Consumption (EC). To overcome this challenge, various Clustering and Routing Protocols (CRPs) have been designed that reduces the EC of nodes and increases the Network Lifetime (NL). Among those protocols, a Balanced Power-Aware Clustering and Routing Protocol (BPA-CRP) has reduced EC via a Forwarder Node (FN) for transmitting the data from nodes or Cluster Head (CH) to the Base Station (BS). As well, the exhausted nodes are discarded from the network for mitigating the Packet Loss Rate (PLR). But, the transmission cost was high during Data Aggregation (DA) and it needs to consider the network density and its locality for FN selection efficiently. Hence in this article, a Power-aware Clustering and Routing with Compressive sensing Protocol (PCRCP) is proposed that minimizes the EC efficiently. Initially, the network is partitioned into equal-sized clusters with CHs. Each CH can choose their FNs on the basis of considering the network density and their spatial locality with remaining energy levels. Then, the selected FNs gather the data from CHs and forward it to the BS. Also, a Compressive Sensing based DA (CSDA) scheme is proposed for solving the problem of how to aggregate the data by means of FNs efficiently. This ensures the balanced allocation of power resources in the network using FNs for maximizing the NL. Finally, the simulation outcomes demonstrate that the PCRCP achieves better performance in terms of NL, EC, PLR and the Number of Nodes Alive (NNA) compared to the BPA-CRP.