The Implementation of Toilet Training on Autistic Child: Scoping Review

Abstract

The individual learning implementation on toilet training for children is to have optimal and maximal of children's development. Moreover, we often see that many parents are less aware of what happened on their children, so they tend to focus and demanding their children to take lessons that related to their academic abilities, but unfortunately, parents sometimes ignoring simple and fundamental things to be taught and trained for children, such as the ability of toilet training. Introducing and teaching toilet training successfully to children who have symptoms of autism can only be realized by the existence of mutually supportive collaboration between programs implemented by schools and programs implemented at home. This review has the objective to map the literature and review the evidence related to the implementation of toilet training in children with autism. The method of this review was adopted from Arskey and O''malley such as identifying research questions, identifying relevant studies, selecting articles, charting data, and compiling to continue reporting results. Results: Based on the selected article, the article obtained an A grade of six articles and obtained a B grade contained an article, came from developed and developing countries also used qualitative research methods, Case-Control, Quasi Experiments, and Guidelines. Two themes were obtained based on this review, such as the implementation of toilet training (Toilet training intensively, no diaper, bathroom schedule, communicate visually, gaming and modeling video) and Program Characteristics of toilet training implementation.