Health Promotion for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV from HIV-Infected Pregnant Women: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the relationship between health promotion and mother-to-child transmission of HIV from HIV infected pregnant women. The researchers performed a meta-analysis of research articles on health promotion and mother-to-child transmission of HIV from HIV infected pregnant women published from January 2008 to December 2018 in article databases of EBSCO, PubMed, and ProQuest. Pooled relative risk (RR) was calculated by fixed and random-effect models. Publication bias was visually evaluated using funnel plots. Review Manager 5.3 (RevMan 5.3) was used to process the data. The researchers reviewed 886 articles and found 9 studies which conducted systematic review, followed by meta-analysis of relevant data. Effective methods in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV were the home-based intervention method (RR = 2.51 [95% CI 2.22-2.83, p <0.00001]), augmented SMS intervention (RR = 1.11 [95% CI 1.05-1.18, p <0.00006]) and invitation cards during pregnancy (RR = 1.11 [95% CI 1.05-1.18, p <0.00007]). However, there was no effect of peer mentors to support in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV (p> 0.05). Home-based intervention health promotion method has a combined variation between homogeneous research. Meanwhile, peer mentors to support, an augmented SMS intervention and invitation have a heterogeneous study. This study confirmed that home-based intervention method was effective in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

Keywords: health promotion, mother-to-child transmission, HIV.