An Efficient Node Deployment Strategy for Fault Tolerance using BAT Algorithm in WSNs

Abstract

The excessive sensors for guaranteeing the fault tolerance is required by the applications of Wireless sensor network (WSN). But the multi-hop communication does not require the similar redundancy degree. As a result of the random damages or the depletion of energy, the failure might occur within the sensor nodes and constructing a fault tolerant backbone setup using higher redundancy within the coverage as well as connectivity is necessary. It is essential to restore the entire connection within the network for preventing the WSN for having been ineffective. Moreover, it is essential to repair the flexibility of the network topology towards the upcoming failure of the single node that is due to the consequences. This paper proposes a novel anchor based node deployment strategy, by utilising BAT system. The bat algorithm (BA), depending upon echolocation behaviour of bats, finds the optimal position for the anchor nodes and the sensor nodes. After deploying the anchor nodes, the sensor nodes will be deployed near to the anchor nodes. So that the connectivity can be restored by the anchor nodes with less time delay and minimum data loss.

Keywords: WSN, Energy, Lifetime, BAT algorithm, Optimization techniques, LEACH.